From the category archives:

Optical Illusions

Optical illusion, deconstructedThey say you should believe nothing you hear and only half of what you see.

There’s nothing like an optical illusion to remind us of the truth of that aphorism. At Cognitive Daily you’ll find not only a great optical illusion but also an explanation of why we see what we see.

In addition, there’s a link to Arthur Shapiro’s Illusions and Demonstrations for Visual Research, the source for this particular bit of visual trickery, along with several others that delightfully fool the senses.

And for still more, visit a site I recently discovered, Akiyoshi’s Illusion Pages — which actually come with a health advisory.

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optical illusionFans like me of optical illusions will want to mark their calendars. May 11, 2008, is the date set for the 4th Annual Best Visual Illusion of the Year Contest, held in Naples, Florida. This is a contest that takes illusion seriously — even the trophies that three lucky winners will receive are optical illusions.

You can view the work of previous contestants, which include enough visual marvels to delight and surprise even the most jaded illusion enthusiast, among them the world’s largest lightness illusion, “how many circles do you see?“, and bouncing brains.

A word of caution — you may want to pop a couple of Dramamine before viewing some of the entries.

Incidentally, I’ve added “Optical Illusions” as a category on this blog. Feel free to explore.

(Hat tip to Omni Brain.)

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Be on the alert for cognitive errorsAnais Nin once said, “We don’t see things as they are. We see them as we are.”

Indeed, numerous studies have demonstrated how easily our senses can be fooled. We are susceptible to influences of which we are unaware, which can shape our perception and judgments. Consider, for example, the extraordinary optical illusion in a BBC video, “The Mind’s Eye”. As the narrator says,

It’s an astonishing example of how much our visual memories, our imaginations, can influence what is right in front of our eyes.

However, knowing our propensity for making these errors, we can be alert for them. Are you ready?

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Optical illusions as negotiation and conflict resolution training toolsAs a trainer of negotiation and conflict resolution skills, I love using optical illusions to demonstrate the fallibility of our perception. They alert us that our senses can be unreliable and susceptible to influence. And they remind us that it is always possible to see things differently. The ability to be alert to errors in thinking and judgment that any of us are prone to is of course essential to anyone who is negotiating or resolving a dispute.

Here are two optical illusions I was recently introduced to that I’ve incorporated into my training. Both of us these can be found at Michael Bach’s web site, 75 Optical Illusions & Visual Phenomena.

The first is Shepard’s “Terror Subterra”, a cool interactive illusion that demonstrates how perspective can bias us.

The second is Shepard’s “Turning the Tables”, an interactive illusion with tables that appear to be of different dimensions but are in fact identical, with the ability to test the visual effect for yourself. It’s extraordinary how knowing the truth doesn’t necessarily prevent us from making mistakes in our thinking.

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Another cool optical illusion

by Diane Levin on November 1, 2007

in Mind and Cognition, Optical Illusions

Optical illusionsIf you liked the right brain/left brain optical illusion I shared with readers last month, then you’ll enjoy this one from the Brain Waves blog: “A Scary Illusion: Mr. Angry and Ms. Calm” which depicts two faces which switch positions with each other, depending upon how close you are to your computer screen as you’re viewing them.

A reminder that things always look different depending on how we’re looking at them.

(Thanks to Stephanie West Allen for the tip.)

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Optical illusion claims to show whether your right brain or left brain is dominant

October 11, 2007 Mind and Cognition

Here’s a cool optical illusion that purportedly determines whether your left brain or right brain is dominant.
For more optical illusion fun, visit this post from the Online Guide to Mediation archives, “When seeing isn’t believing: optical illusions offer insight into conflict and perception“.
(Thanks to Kottke.org.)

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Tunnel vision: studies show that there's plenty we don't see

May 7, 2006 Mind and Cognition

Gustave Flaubert once wisely observed, “There is no truth. There is only perception.”
Dispute resolution professionals know only too well how much perception contributes to conflict. We see what we want to see and tune out the rest, or become so focused that we lose sight of what lies in our peripheral vision. Our senses can [...]

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SECOND SIGHT: One more look at optical illusions

November 7, 2005 Conflict Resolution

As I have observed before—here and, more recently, here—optical illusions are of interest to mediators, particularly because of the way in which optical illusions, like mediation, challenge us to see things differently.
Optical illusions also pointedly remind us of the unreliability of our own senses and the degree to which human perception can be manipulated or [...]

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Accentuate the positive: studies reveal human propensity for reframing to see good in outcomes

October 31, 2005 Brainstorming and Creativity

Mediation can help individuals in conflict gain new perspective, bringing fresh insight and understanding of each other and the underlying conflict.
To enable disputants to see things differently, mediators utilize a technique called “reframing” to assist parties to redefine the way in which they understand or conceive of a problem. Bernie Mayer said it best: “The [...]

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WHEN SEEING ISN’T BELIEVING: Optical illusions offer insight into conflict and perception

July 17, 2005 Mind and Cognition

As the saying goes, “assume” makes an “ass” out of “u” and “me”. And we make assumptions all the time—it’s how we’re hard-wired as human beings. (And it’s that very human tendency which keeps mediators busy.)
Unfortunately, of course, our assumptions can sometimes be wrong. They may be based on incomplete or inaccurate data. And we [...]

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